Here, we provide a comprehensive review of plausible metabolic switches in response to
implantation and of the various strategies currently used to leverage MSC metabolism
to improve stem cell-based therapeutics.

Here, we provide a comprehensive review of plausible metabolic switches in response to
implantation and of the various strategies currently used to leverage MSC metabolism
to improve stem cell-based therapeutics.
Our results showed that the addition of only low dose of BMP-2 was beneficial to enhance the bone-forming potential of MSCs, whereas high dose of BMP-2 overcame the advantage of combining this growth factor with MSCs.
In this uncontrolled study, airway bioengineering using stented aortic matrices demonstrated feasibility for complex tracheal and bronchial reconstruction.
The present study provided evidence that T2DM impairs bone formation in critical-size calvarial defects and markedly reduces angiogenesis in all defects regardless of the defect size tested.